Ned Holstein Shared Parenting Research Annual Award

National Parents Organization is child focused and research based; we rely on the best scientific research available in our advocacy for children’s right to a full parent/child relationship with both fit and loving parents following parental separation. In pursuit of its mission, NPO highlights some of the most significant shared parenting research on its website. NPO organized and conducted the highly significant 2017 International Conference on Shared Parenting, which brought together leading experts from around the world to present the state of the science on child well-being when parents are living apart. And NPO has made the videos of presentations at that conference available for free.

In order to further highlight the best research on child well-being after parental separation, National Parents Organization has established two research awards, both named in honor of Ned Holstein, the founder of NPO who set the organization on its child focused, research based path.

Below, we announce the winners of the Annual NPO Ned Holstein Shared Parenting Research Award.

2022 NPO Ned Holstein Shared Parenting Research Award

Daniel Fernández-Kranz & Natalia Nollenberger, “The Impact of Equal Parenting Time Laws on Family Outcomes and Risky Behavior by Teenagers: Evidence from Spain”

 

Daniel Fernández-Kranz

 

Natalia Nollenberger

 

The research Daniel Fernández-Kranz and Natalia Nollenberger published, “The Impact of Equal Parenting Time Laws on Family Outcomes and Risky Behavior by Teenagers: Evidence from Spain” (Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 195 (2022) 303-325), is a model of excellence in shared parenting research. Like the 2020 paper they co-authored with Professor Jennifer Roff,  “Bargaining under Threats: The Effect of Joint Custody Laws on Intimate Partner Violence” (IZA Discussion Papers, No. 13810, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn), their 2022 paper analyzes data from Spain’s “natural experiment” concerning the effects of presumptive equal shared physical custody.


“The Impact of Equal Parenting Time Laws on Family Outcomes and Risky Behavior by Teenagers: Evidence from Spain” addresses a number of central questions about the effects of presumptions of equal shared parenting (ESP). It indicates that such presumptions have a salutary effect on the incidence of risky behavior by teenage children of divorced parents, on the employment opportunities for mothers, and, importantly, on the frequency of contentious (contested) divorces. The first conclusion adds to the considerable evidence of the benefits of ESP for children. The second contributes to a currently under-researched area of the benefits of ESP for mothers. And, the third is important for two reasons. Opponents of presumptions of ESP have frequently opined, without evidence, that such presumptions will increase the contentiousness of divorce proceedings. Their research challenges this objection. And, all agree that persistent parental conflict is harmful to children, their research suggests, again, that presumptions of ESP are part of the solution to addressing the problems caused by our divorce laws and policies.

2021 NPO Ned Holstein Shared Parenting Research Award

Sanford Braver & Ashley Votruba, “Does Shared Parenting “Cause” Children’s Better Outcomes?”

Ashley Votruba

Sanford Braver

Professors Braver and Votruba’s research reported in  “Does Joint Physical Custody “Cause” Children’s Better Outcomes?” (The Routledge International Handbook of Shared Parenting and Best Interest of the Child, ed. by José Manuel de Torres Perea, Edward Kruk, Margarita Ortiz-Tallo, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2021), is a model of excellence in shared parenting research that sets a standard for future awards.

Establishing causal connections in social science research is always challenging—especially where controlled experiments are impossible. Some have alleged that the well-established correlation between shared physical custody and improved outcomes for children is completely explained by self-selection effects—those parents who choose joint physical custody have other characteristics that cause these better outcomes for children. Determining whether the self-selection hypothesis is correct or, rather, that the correlation obtains because shared physical custody produces these benefits is vital if we are to provide firm grounding for our laws and policies regarding separated parenting.

“Does Joint Physical Custody “Cause” Children’s Better Outcomes?” is a masterful examination of the most sophisticated techniques available for determining the causal relationship between shared physical custody and better outcomes for children. And based on that review and the available evidence, it draws several consequential conclusions:

  • “The weight of the recent evidence indicates that self-selection effects do not largely account for the benefits of JPC in the empirical literature”;

  • “JPC [joint physical custody] probably does cause benefits to children on average”;

  • “[T]here is now substantially more evidence for the presumption [of joint physical custody] than against it”; and,

  • “[T]he burden of persuasion has shifted to those who oppose a presumption of JPC”.